Network Study Site

SNMPv2 and SNMPv3

2025 Feb 24

EXAMPLEALT Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) enables monitoring routers and switches connected over an IP network. SNMP delivers information from a managed device to an SNMP manager which collects, stores and analyses the received data for IT operations ...

VPLS BGP Signaling

2025 Feb 16

VPLS BGP Signaling VPLS is a Layer-2 VPN technology enabling multipoint-to-multipoint shared Ethernet domains as a WAN service for subscriber locations. VPLS can be implemented in a variety of ways involving LDP and BGP. However, VPLS can also be deployed using BGP only ...

AAA Device Security

2025 Jan 12

EXAMPLEALT Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting (AAA) is a framework used in computer networking for device management and access control. AAA relies on the RADIUS and TACACS protocols for centralized access control, and for accounting of network services ...

EVPN-VXLAN L3VNI

2025 Jan 4

EVPN-VXLAN L3VNI EVPN-VXLAN L3VNI connects two different subnets over a dedicated VRF-aware transit VNI by exchanging EVPN IP Prefix routes. It is important that L3VNI uses IP routing on the VTEP devices to enable inter-VLAN connectivity. This is the main difference between ...

EVPN-VXLAN L2VNI

2024 Dec 26

EVPN-VXLAN L2VNI A VXLAN L2VNI forwards frames within the same Layer-2 broadcast domain which is stretched between VTEP devices. VXLAN also works without EVPN, however EVPN provides multiple benefits such as dynamic MAC address learning and creation of dynamic ingress replication ...

VXLAN Introduction

2024 Dec 3

VXLAN Introduction VXLAN is a scalable network segmentation and tunnel encapsulation technology that works over an IP routed infrastructure. An 8-byte VXLAN header encapsulates an Ethernet frame and tunnels it over an IP routed underlay network, this is also called ...

BGP Multipath

2024 Nov 26

BGP Multipath With BGP multipath a router selects a single best-path and additionally considers one or more equal cost paths to the same destination prefix. If there are multiple equal cost iBGP or eBGP paths to a destination, a router enabled with multipath can install those paths in the BGP table and ...

GLBP Introduction

2024 Nov 17

GLBP Introduction The Gateway Load Balancing Protocol (GLBP) ensures two or more gateway routers can share a single virtual IP address which is used as the default gateway by hosts in a Local Area Network (LAN). Although a single gateway IP address is configured on the hosts, GLBP uses different virtual MAC ...

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